See joster on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "fro",
"3": "joster"
},
"expansion": "Old French joster",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French joster.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nrf-conj-er",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "joster",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund"
]
},
{
"form": "aveir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"form": "josté",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostée",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostés",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jostées",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "joste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostoms",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "jostez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "jostent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "josteis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "josteis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "josteit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostot",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostioms",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jostiez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "josteient",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jostoent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jostai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "josta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostâmes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "jostâtes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "jostèrent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "josterai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "josteras",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostera",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "josteroms",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "josterez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "josteront",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jostereis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostereis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostereit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "josterioms",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "josteriez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jostereient",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "joste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostioms",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostiez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostasse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostasses",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostât",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostassioms",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostassiez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostassent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "joste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostoms",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jostez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "joster",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "joster",
"name": "nrf-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aveir",
"2": "jost",
"3": "jost",
"4": "jost"
},
"name": "nrf-conj-er"
},
{
"args": {
"1_p_cond": "josterioms",
"1_p_futr_indc": "josteroms",
"1_p_impf_indc": "jostioms",
"1_p_impf_subj": "jostassioms",
"1_p_impr": "jostoms",
"1_p_pres_indc": "jostoms",
"1_p_pres_subj": "jostioms",
"1_p_pret_indc": "jostâmes",
"1_s_cond": "jostereis",
"1_s_futr_indc": "josterai",
"1_s_impf_indc": "josteis\njostos²",
"1_s_impf_subj": "jostasse",
"1_s_pres_indc": "joste",
"1_s_pres_subj": "joste",
"1_s_pret_indc": "jostai",
"2_p_cond": "josteriez",
"2_p_futr_indc": "josterez",
"2_p_impf_indc": "jostiez",
"2_p_impf_subj": "jostassiez",
"2_p_impr": "jostez",
"2_p_pres_indc": "jostez",
"2_p_pres_subj": "jostiez",
"2_p_pret_indc": "jostâtes",
"2_s_cond": "jostereis",
"2_s_futr_indc": "josteras",
"2_s_impf_indc": "josteis\njostos²",
"2_s_impf_subj": "jostasses",
"2_s_impr": "joste",
"2_s_pres_indc": "jostes",
"2_s_pres_subj": "jostes",
"2_s_pret_indc": "jostas",
"3_p_cond": "jostereient",
"3_p_futr_indc": "josteront",
"3_p_impf_indc": "josteient\njostoent²",
"3_p_impf_subj": "jostassent",
"3_p_pres_indc": "jostent",
"3_p_pres_subj": "jostent",
"3_p_pret_indc": "jostèrent",
"3_s_cond": "jostereit",
"3_s_futr_indc": "jostera",
"3_s_impf_indc": "josteit\njostot²",
"3_s_impf_subj": "jostât\njostasse",
"3_s_pres_indc": "joste",
"3_s_pres_subj": "joste",
"3_s_pret_indc": "josta",
"aux": "aveir",
"f_p_past_ptcp": "jostées",
"f_s_past_ptcp": "jostée",
"gerund": "jostant",
"inf": "joster",
"m_p_past_ptcp": "jostés",
"m_s_past_ptcp": "josté"
},
"name": "nrf-conj-table"
}
],
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norman entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "35 24 22 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 24 25 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French verbs ending in -er",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 27 26 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French verbs with weak-a preterite",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "83 6 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "86 5 5 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to play"
],
"id": "en-joster-nrm-verb-JCN-luUY",
"links": [
[
"play",
"play"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "jouer"
}
]
}
],
"word": "joster"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "joste"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "jouter"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "joust"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "giostrare"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la-vul",
"3": "*iuxtāre"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *iuxtāre",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "iuxtā",
"4": "",
"5": "close to"
},
"expansion": "Latin iuxtā (“close to”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "jostar"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan jostar",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Vulgar Latin *iuxtāre, from Latin iuxtā (“close to”). Compare Old Occitan jostar.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fro-conj-er",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "joster",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "avoir josté",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "en jostant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund"
]
},
{
"form": "gerund of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "jostant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "josté",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "jost",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "joste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "jostez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostoie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "josteie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostoe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "josteve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostoies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "josteies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostoes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "josteves",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostoit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "josteit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostot",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "josteve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostiiens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jostiens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jostiiez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostiez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostoient",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "josteient",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostoent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostevent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "josta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostames",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "jostastes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "josterent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "josterai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "josteras",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostera",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "josterons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "josteroiz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostereiz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "josterez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "josteront",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "josteroie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostereie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "josteroies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostereies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "josteroit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostereit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "josteriiens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "josteriens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "josteriiez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "josteriez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "josteroient",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostereient",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "preterite tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"anterior",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "future tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "conditional tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "jost",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "joz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jost",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostasse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostasses",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostissons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostissiens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostissoiz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostissez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostissiez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostassent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "joste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jostez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "juster",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "jouster",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "joster",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "fro-conj-er"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 27 26 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French verbs with weak-a preterite",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to joust (compete in a jousting tournament)"
],
"id": "en-joster-fro-verb-cVz4CMRC",
"links": [
[
"joust",
"joust"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 27 26 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French verbs with weak-a preterite",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to joust (in a battle)"
],
"id": "en-joster-fro-verb-cxY5DZhl",
"links": [
[
"joust",
"joust"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 27 26 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French verbs with weak-a preterite",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
20,
26
]
],
"english": "There where the Normans had to fight",
"ref": "c. 1170, Wace, Le Roman de Rou:",
"text": "La u Normanz durent joster",
"translation": "There where the Normans had to fight",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to battle; to compete"
],
"id": "en-joster-fro-verb-X2nh-m2a",
"links": [
[
"battle",
"battle"
],
[
"compete",
"compete"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) to battle; to compete"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"word": "joster"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French first group verbs",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
"Old French verbs",
"Old French verbs ending in -er",
"Old French verbs with weak-a preterite",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "fro",
"3": "joster"
},
"expansion": "Old French joster",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French joster.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nrf-conj-er",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "joster",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund"
]
},
{
"form": "aveir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"form": "josté",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostée",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostés",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jostées",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "joste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostoms",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "jostez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "jostent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "josteis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "josteis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "josteit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostot",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostioms",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jostiez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "josteient",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jostoent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jostai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "josta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostâmes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "jostâtes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "jostèrent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "josterai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "josteras",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostera",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "josteroms",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "josterez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "josteront",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jostereis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostereis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostereit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "josterioms",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "josteriez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jostereient",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "joste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostioms",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostiez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostasse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostasses",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostât",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostassioms",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostassiez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostassent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "joste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostoms",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jostez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "joster",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "joster",
"name": "nrf-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aveir",
"2": "jost",
"3": "jost",
"4": "jost"
},
"name": "nrf-conj-er"
},
{
"args": {
"1_p_cond": "josterioms",
"1_p_futr_indc": "josteroms",
"1_p_impf_indc": "jostioms",
"1_p_impf_subj": "jostassioms",
"1_p_impr": "jostoms",
"1_p_pres_indc": "jostoms",
"1_p_pres_subj": "jostioms",
"1_p_pret_indc": "jostâmes",
"1_s_cond": "jostereis",
"1_s_futr_indc": "josterai",
"1_s_impf_indc": "josteis\njostos²",
"1_s_impf_subj": "jostasse",
"1_s_pres_indc": "joste",
"1_s_pres_subj": "joste",
"1_s_pret_indc": "jostai",
"2_p_cond": "josteriez",
"2_p_futr_indc": "josterez",
"2_p_impf_indc": "jostiez",
"2_p_impf_subj": "jostassiez",
"2_p_impr": "jostez",
"2_p_pres_indc": "jostez",
"2_p_pres_subj": "jostiez",
"2_p_pret_indc": "jostâtes",
"2_s_cond": "jostereis",
"2_s_futr_indc": "josteras",
"2_s_impf_indc": "josteis\njostos²",
"2_s_impf_subj": "jostasses",
"2_s_impr": "joste",
"2_s_pres_indc": "jostes",
"2_s_pres_subj": "jostes",
"2_s_pret_indc": "jostas",
"3_p_cond": "jostereient",
"3_p_futr_indc": "josteront",
"3_p_impf_indc": "josteient\njostoent²",
"3_p_impf_subj": "jostassent",
"3_p_pres_indc": "jostent",
"3_p_pres_subj": "jostent",
"3_p_pret_indc": "jostèrent",
"3_s_cond": "jostereit",
"3_s_futr_indc": "jostera",
"3_s_impf_indc": "josteit\njostot²",
"3_s_impf_subj": "jostât\njostasse",
"3_s_pres_indc": "joste",
"3_s_pres_subj": "joste",
"3_s_pret_indc": "josta",
"aux": "aveir",
"f_p_past_ptcp": "jostées",
"f_s_past_ptcp": "jostée",
"gerund": "jostant",
"inf": "joster",
"m_p_past_ptcp": "jostés",
"m_s_past_ptcp": "josté"
},
"name": "nrf-conj-table"
}
],
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norman entries with incorrect language header",
"Norman lemmas",
"Norman terms derived from Old French",
"Norman terms inherited from Old French",
"Norman verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"to play"
],
"links": [
[
"play",
"play"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "jouer"
}
],
"word": "joster"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French first group verbs",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
"Old French verbs",
"Old French verbs ending in -er",
"Old French verbs with weak-a preterite",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "joste"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "jouter"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "joust"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "giostrare"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la-vul",
"3": "*iuxtāre"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *iuxtāre",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "iuxtā",
"4": "",
"5": "close to"
},
"expansion": "Latin iuxtā (“close to”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "jostar"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan jostar",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Vulgar Latin *iuxtāre, from Latin iuxtā (“close to”). Compare Old Occitan jostar.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fro-conj-er",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "joster",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "avoir josté",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "en jostant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund"
]
},
{
"form": "gerund of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "jostant",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "josté",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "jost",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "joste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "jostez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostoie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "josteie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostoe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "josteve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostoies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "josteies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostoes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "josteves",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostoit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "josteit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostot",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "josteve",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostiiens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jostiens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jostiiez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostiez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostoient",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "josteient",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostoent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostevent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "josta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostames",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "jostastes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "josterent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "josterai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "josteras",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostera",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "josterons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "josteroiz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostereiz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "josterez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "josteront",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "josteroie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostereie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "josteroies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostereies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "josteroit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostereit",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "josteriiens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "josteriens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "josteriiez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "josteriez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "josteroient",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostereient",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "preterite tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"anterior",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "future tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "conditional tense of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "jost",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "joz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jost",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostasse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostasses",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostissons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostissiens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostissoiz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostissez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostissiez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "jostassent",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "joste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jostons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jostez",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "juster",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "jouster",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "joster",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "fro-conj-er"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to joust (compete in a jousting tournament)"
],
"links": [
[
"joust",
"joust"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to joust (in a battle)"
],
"links": [
[
"joust",
"joust"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old French terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
20,
26
]
],
"english": "There where the Normans had to fight",
"ref": "c. 1170, Wace, Le Roman de Rou:",
"text": "La u Normanz durent joster",
"translation": "There where the Normans had to fight",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to battle; to compete"
],
"links": [
[
"battle",
"battle"
],
[
"compete",
"compete"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) to battle; to compete"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"word": "joster"
}
Download raw JSONL data for joster meaning in All languages combined (20.2kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: \"jeo (j')\"",
"path": [
"joster"
],
"section": "Norman",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "joster",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: joster/Norman 'il, elle, on' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'third-person', 'singular', 'indicative', 'second-person'}",
"path": [
"joster"
],
"section": "Norman",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "joster",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: joster/Norman 'nos' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'plural', 'singular', 'first-person', 'indicative', 'second-person'}",
"path": [
"joster"
],
"section": "Norman",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "joster",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: joster/Norman 'vos' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'plural', 'singular', 'indicative', 'second-person'}",
"path": [
"joster"
],
"section": "Norman",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "joster",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'il, elles'",
"path": [
"joster"
],
"section": "Norman",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "joster",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: \"que jeo (j')\"",
"path": [
"joster"
],
"section": "Norman",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "joster",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: joster/Norman \"que tu (t')\" base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'singular', 'second-person', 'subjunctive'}",
"path": [
"joster"
],
"section": "Norman",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "joster",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: \"qu'il, qu'elle, qu'on\"",
"path": [
"joster"
],
"section": "Norman",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "joster",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: joster/Norman 'que nos' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'plural', 'subjunctive'}",
"path": [
"joster"
],
"section": "Norman",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "joster",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: joster/Norman 'que vos' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'plural', 'subjunctive'}",
"path": [
"joster"
],
"section": "Norman",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "joster",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: \"qu'il, qu'elles\"",
"path": [
"joster"
],
"section": "Norman",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "joster",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: joster/Norman 'tu' base_tags={'imperative', 'dummy-ignore-skipped', 'error-unrecognized-form', 'singular'}",
"path": [
"joster"
],
"section": "Norman",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "joster",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: joster/Norman 'nos' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'dummy-ignore-skipped', 'plural', 'imperative'}",
"path": [
"joster"
],
"section": "Norman",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "joster",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: joster/Norman 'vos' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'dummy-ignore-skipped', 'plural', 'imperative'}",
"path": [
"joster"
],
"section": "Norman",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "joster",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.